STRATEGI MITIGASI PEMBENTUKAN 3-MCPDE DAN GE PADA PEMURNIAN MINYAK SAWIT: STUDI LITERATUR
Keywords:
3-MCPDE, glycidyl ester, minyak sawit, pemurnianAbstract
3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) dan glycidyl esters (GE) merupakan kontaminan proses yang terbentuk selama pemurnian minyak sawit, khususnya pada tahap deodorisasi bersuhu tinggi. Kedua senyawa ini bersifat toksik dan berpotensi karsinogenik, sehingga menjadi perhatian berbagai lembaga keamanan pangan global. Kajian ini disusun dalam bentuk narrative literature review untuk mengidentifikasi strategi mitigasi yang telah diterapkan di setiap tahap pemurnian, mulai dari pra-pemrosesan, degumming, bleaching, hingga deodorisasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi antara pencucian air (water washing), penggunaan bleaching earth dengan tingkat keasaman yang terkendali, serta pengaturan suhu dan pemilihan media stripping pada tahap deodorisasi merupakan pendekatan yang paling efektif dalam menurunkan kadar 3-MCPDE dan GE. Penerapan strategi mitigasi dari hulu hingga hilir dinilai penting untuk menghasilkan minyak sawit yang aman, efisien secara teknologi, dan sesuai dengan regulasi internasional.
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