PENGARUH KONSELING GIZI TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN GIZI, ASUPAN NATRIUM, KALIUM DAN TEKANAN DARAH PASIEN HIPERTENSI

  • Juenita Elfunam Mado Jurusan Gizi Poltekkes Kemenkes Jayapura
  • Maya Kumalasari Sugiyanto Jurusan Gizi Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo
  • Sanya Anda Lusiana Jurusan Gizi Poltekkes Kemenkes Jayapura
  • Sri Iriyanti Jurusan Gizi Poltekkes Kemenkes Jayapura
  • Dorci Nuburi Jurusan Gizi Poltekkes Kemenkes Jayapura

Keywords

Nutrition Counseling, Nutrition Knowledge Level, Sodium intake, Potassium intake, Blood pressure

Abstract

Nutrition counseling is a nutritional care in the form of an individual approach  form of nutritional education to help individuals solve nutritional problems faced. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nutritional counseling on the level of nutritional knowledge, sodium intake, potassium and blood pressure of hypertensive patients. This research is an Pre experimental study, using One group pretest and post test design, with a sample of 35 people who meet the inclusion criteria. The data were collected through interviews using questionnaires to determine the nutritional knowledge of respondents and for sodium and potassium intake using recall form 1x24 hours, and blood pressure obtained from examination using tensimeter. Univariate analysis was done descriptively and bivariate analysis using Paired-Samples T Test with α = 0,05 . The results showed that there is a change in the level of knowledge in 35 respondents with the average value before nutrition counseling 44.15% and after nutrition counseling that is 79.43%. There was a change of respondent's intake before nutrition counseling, the average sodium intake of 1398.5 mg daily to 840.25 mg daily after nutrition counseling, average potassium intake of 1697.8 mg per day and after counseling to 2195.0 mg. This is also the same as the respondent's blood pressure, before the average nutrition counseling of the systolic pressure of 151.7 mmHg and diastolic pressure 129,43 mmHg, after the nutrition counseling a mean systolic preasure 92,29 mmHg and diastolic pressure 85,00 mmHg. The result of statistical test shows that the value of p = 0.00 (p <0.05) means that there is influence of nutrition counseling to the level of knowledge, sodium intake, potassium and blood pressure of hypertension patient in work area of ​Puskesmas ​Matani Tomohon Tengah.

References

[1] Akbar, A.M. and Makmun, A., 2025. Gambaran karakteristik penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru. Journal of Muslim Community Health (JMCH), 6(2).

[2] Almatsier S, 2004. Prinsip dasar ilmu gizi. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta

[3] Jauhari, Mustafa, F.L., Triwahyuni, T. and Prasetya, T., 2024. Karakteristik pasien hipertensi di ruang poli rawat jalan Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Bandar Lampung. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan.

[4] Kafi, I.A., Prihatin, S. and Jaelani, M., 2023. Pengaruh pemberian edukasi gizi Diet DASH dengan media audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku gizi pada pasien hipertensi. Jurnal Riset Gizi, 11(1), pp.5–12.

[5] Kim, B.S., Yu, M.Y. and Shin, J., 2024. Effect of low sodium and high potassium diet on lowering blood pressure and cardiovascular events. Clinical Hypertension, 30(2).

[6] Kim, S., Jeong, H.N. and Choi-Kwon, S., 2024. The blood pressure control effect of the sodium-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet: a systematic review. British Journal of Nutrition, 132, pp.141–150.

[7] Makarawung A, Momongan N, Imbar H, 2016. Pengaruh konseling gizi terhadap asupan natrium pasien hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rurukan Kota Tomohon. GIZIDO Volume 8 No 2 November 2016

[8] Rachmasari, S.I. and Mardiana, 2022. Penggunaan media booklet dalam konseling gizi terhadap skor pengetahuan, sikap, asupan natrium dan kalium pada pasien hipertensi. Journal of Nutrition College, 11(2), pp.143–153.

[9] Rizkania, V., Ariati, N.N. and Juniarsana, I.W., 2024. Pengaruh konseling Diet DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) terhadap pengetahuan dan asupan mineral penderita hipertensi. Jurnal Ilmu Gizi (Journal of Nutrition Science), 13(1).

[10] Solikha, N.A., Fajar, I. and Komalyna, I.N.T., 2024. Perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, tingkat konsumsi kalium dan natrium pada penderita hipertensi sebelum dan sesudah konseling gizi menggunakan media booklet. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 7(1), pp.225–236.

[11] Supriatun, E., Asyari, H. and Kayubi, 2024. Penerapan edukasi kesehatan Diet DASH terhadap kepatuhan dan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 6(1).

[12] Wulandari, A., Kurdanti, W. and Setiyobroto, I., 2023. Pemberian pesan Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-like diet melalui WhatsApp untuk memperbaiki kepatuhan diet dan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, 19(3), pp.104–111.

[13] Yan, Y.Y., Chan, L.M.L., Wang, M.P., Kwok, J.Y.Y., Anderson, C.S. and Lee, J.J., 2024. Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. npj Digital Medicine, 7.

2026-07-06