Penerapan Latihan Rom Aktif Terhadap Activity Daily Living (ADL) Dan Kekuatan Otot Pada Pasien Stroke Non Hemoragik Di RSUD Dr. Soebarkat Tjitrodarmodjo

  • Samalina Johana Ravensca Selwur Program Studi Pendidikan Profesi Ners Program Profesi, Universitas Widya Husada Semarang, Indonesia
  • Niken Sukesi Program Studi Pendidikan Profesi Ners Program Profesi, Universitas Widya Husada Semarang, Indonesia

Keywords

Active Range of Motion (ROM), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Muscle Strength, Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke

Abstract

Background: Non-hemorrhagic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, resulting in muscle weakness and physical mobility impairment, which reduces patients' ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL) independently. Active Range of Motion (ROM) exercise is a nonpharmacological nursing intervention that can be applied to improve muscle strength and ADL ability in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. Objective: To determine the application of active Range of Motion (ROM) exercise on the improvement of muscle strength and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) ability in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients at Dr. Soebarkat Tjitrodarmodjo Hospital. Method: This study used a descriptive case study design involving 5 non-hemorrhagic stroke patients with muscle weakness and physical mobility impairment at Dr. Soebarkat Tjitrodarmodjo Hospital. Active ROM exercise was given once daily for approximately 30 minutes over 3 consecutive days according to the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Data were collected through structured clinical observation, using the Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) scale for muscle strength and the Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Results: Before active ROM exercise was given, all respondents experienced muscle weakness with MMT scale 2-3 and a moderate to severe dependency category based on the Barthel Index. After 3 consecutive days of active ROM exercise, 4 of 5 respondents (80%) showed an increase in muscle strength scale and Barthel Index score, with a change in dependency category from severe to moderate or from moderate to mild, while 1 respondent (20%) did not show a significant improvement in muscle strength. Conclusion: Active ROM exercise has been proven to be applicable as an effective nonpharmacological nursing intervention in improving muscle strength and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) ability in most non-hemorrhagic stroke patients, although the magnitude of improvement achieved is individual and influenced by age, comorbidities, and the severity of the stroke.

References

Agung Akbar, M., Mediani, S., Juniarti, N., Yamin, A., Studi, P., Keperawatan, M., & Keperawatan, F. (2021). Intervensi Keperawatan Stroke Selama Di Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(3), 615-624.

Ahmed, Z., Chaudhary, F., & K. Agrawal, D. (2024). Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Current Treatment Strategies in Stroke. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 8(4).

Detiana, D., Somad, A., & Lusiana, L. (2023). Latihan Range of Motion (ROM) Aktif Meningkatkan Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Bawah dan Rentang Gerak Sendi Lansia. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 5(2), 3834-3843.

Eka Putri Harun, S., Isman Jusuf, M., Sulistiani, I., & Olahraga dan Kesehatan, F. (2024). Pengaruh Latihan ROM Aktif Terhadap Activity Daily Living (ADL) Pada Pasien Stroke. Journal of Health and Geological Studies, 2(1), 15-24.

Gisti, M. R., Utomo, W., & Woferst, R. (2025). Hubungan antara Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas yang Mengalami Hemiparesis dengan Status Fungsional pada Pasien Stroke. JETISH: Journal of Education Technology Information Social Sciences and Health, 4(2), 112-119.

Haiga, Y., Salman, P. P., & Irina Wahyuni, S. (2022). Differences in Diagnosis of Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke With Transcranial Doppler Results At Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang. Scientific Journal of Neurology, 1(5), 391-400.

Jitpratoom, P., & Boonyasiri, A. (2024). Factors associated with an increased risk of developing pneumonia during acute ischemic stroke hospitalization. PLoS ONE, 19(1).

Kudadiri, F., Padang, L., Manik, S. K., & Ferdiansyah, R. (2024). Efektivitas ROM (Range of Motion) Aktif Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik. Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional, 6(3), 212-219.

Manurung, S., Sani, A., & Kodri. (2025). Penerapan Prinsip Etika Penelitian dalam Asuhan dan Intervensi Keperawatan. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Indonesia, 6(1), 12-20.

Mori, T., Yoshioka, K., Tanno, Y., & Kasakura, S. (2022). Independent factors affecting hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke in patients aged 40-69 years: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 22(1).

Nurhakiki, E., & Hidayat, T. (2026). Literature Review: Efektivitas Latihan Range of Motion (ROM) Terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Otot Pada Pasien Stroke Berdasarkan Manual Muscle Testing (MMT). Jurnal Media Akademik, 4(1), 143-152.

Nurhidayah, Muadi, & Marisa, D. E. (2025). Penerapan terapi Range of Motion (ROM) terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot pada pasien Stroke Non Hemoragik (SNH) dengan gangguan mobilitas fisik. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 11(3), 408-412.

Purba, S. D., Sidiq, B., Purba, I. K., Hutapea, E., Silalahi, K. L., Sucahyo, D., & Dian, D. (2022). Efektivitas ROM (Range of Motion) terhadap Kekuatan Otot pada Pasien Stroke di Rumah Sakit Royal Prima Tahun 2021. JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Kesehatan), 7(1), 79-87.

Roman, N. A., Miclaus, R. S., Nicolau, C., & Sechel, G. (2022). Customized Manual Muscle Testing for Post-Stroke Upper Extremity Assessment. Brain Sciences, 12(4).

Setyawati, V. Y., & Retnaningsih, D. (2024). Penerapan Range Of Motion pada pasien stroke dengan gangguan mobilitas fisik. Jurnal Manajemen Asuhan Keperawatan, 8(1), 18-24.

Shahid, J., Kashif, A., & Shahid, M. K. (2023). A Comprehensive Review of Physical Therapy Interventions for Stroke Rehabilitation: Impairment-Based Approaches and Functional Goals. Brain Sciences, 13(5).

Sholihany, R. F., Waluyo, A., & Irawati, D. (2021). Latihan ROM Pasif Unilateral dan Bilateral terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Otot Akibat Stroke Iskemik. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 4(2), 706-717.

Srinayanti, Y., Widianti, W., Andriani, D., Firdaus, F. A., & Setiawan, H. (2021). Range of Motion Exercise to Improve Muscle Strength among Stroke Patients: A Literature Review. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 4(3), 332-343.

Syifa, F., Kartikasari, D., & Lestari, P. (2025). Peningkatan Kekuatan Otot Pasien Stroke Non Hemoragik dengan Latihan Range Of Motion (ROM) Pasif. Jurnal Keperawatan Bunda Delima, 7(2), 123-131.

Zhang, Q., Zhang, Z., Huang, X., Zhou, C., & Xu, J. (2022). Application of Logistic Regression and Decision Tree Models in the Prediction of Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Stroke. Neural Plasticity, 2022.

2026-08-05