Perbandingan Kualitas Citra Skintigrafi Tiroid Pada Waktu Uptake 10 Menit Dan 20 Menit Menggunakan Kamera Gamma
Keywords
Thyroid Scintigraphy, Gamma Camera, Uptake Time, Image QualityAbstract
Background: Thyroid scintigraphy is one of the nuclear medicine examinations used to evaluate the function and imaging characteristics of the thyroid gland using radiopharmaceuticals and a gamma camera. The quality of images produced during thyroid scintigraphy can be influenced by various factors, one of which is uptake time. Differences in uptake time may affect the accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals in the thyroid gland and the number of counts received by the detector, potentially resulting in differences in image quality. Therefore, a comparison of image quality at different uptake times is needed to determine the uptake time that produces more optimal image quality. Research Methods: This study was a quantitative study with a comparative analytical observational design. The study sample consisted of 16 patients who underwent thyroid scintigraphy examinations using a gamma camera. The research parameter was a comparison of uptake times of 10 minutes and 20 minutes. Image quality was assessed by three observers, consisting of one nuclear medicine specialist and two radiographers, using a questionnaire with an ordinal scale of 1–5 based on the parameters of thyroid gland margin delineation, image contrast, image noise level, diagnostic adequacy, and image sharpness. The data were analyzed using SPSS software through descriptive statistical analysis and the Mann–Whitney U test to determine differences in image quality between the 10-minute and 20-minute uptake times. Results: The mean image quality score at the 20-minute uptake time was higher than that at the 10-minute uptake time, with scores of 4.87 and 3.87, respectively. Statistical analysis using the Mann–Whitney U test showed a significant difference in image quality between the 10-minute and 20-minute uptake times, with a p-value of < 0.001. Conclusion: There was a difference in thyroid scintigraphy image quality between the 10-minute and 20-minute uptake times using a gamma camera. The 20-minute uptake time produced better image quality than the 10-minute uptake time. Therefore, a 20-minute uptake time may be considered a more optimal uptake time for producing good-quality thyroid scintigraphy images while still taking into account the patient's condition and comfort.
References
Agency, I. A. E. (2009). Quality assurance for SPECT systems in nuclear medicine. International Atomic Energy Agency.
Agency, I. A. E. (2015). Quality management audits in nuclear medicine practices (2nd ed.). International Atomic Energy Agency.
Bailey, D. L., Humm, J. L., Todd-Pokropek, A., & van Aswegen, A. (2015). Nuclear Medicine Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students. International Atomic Energy Agency.
Freesmeyer, M., Winkens, T., Kühnel, C., Opfermann, T., & Seifert, P. (2019). Technetium-99m SPECT/US hybrid imaging compared with conventional diagnostic thyroid imaging with scintigraphy and ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 45(5), 1243–1252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.003
Giovanella, L., Avram, A. M., Iakovou, I., Kwak, J., Lawson, S. A., Lulaj, E., Luster, M., Piccardo, A., Schmidt, M., Tulchinsky, M., Verburg, F. A., & Wolin, E. (2019). EANM practice guideline/SNMMI procedure standard for RAIU and thyroid scintigraphy. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 46(12), 2514–2525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-019-04472-8
Grossling-Vallejos, B., Villegas Colmán, C. E., Rivas, R., Pedrozo, M. G., Giménez, G., Rojas, T., Arnal, M., Barreto, N., Duarte, C., Uldera, A., Mello-Román, J. C., Vázquez Noguera, J. L., Legal-Ayala, H., & Falcon de Legal, E. (2024). Thyroid scan image dataset for the study of thyroid pathologies in adult patients. Data in Brief, 57, 111134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.111134
Grunert, M., Schenke, S. A., Konrad, A., Schütze, C., Förster, S., Klemenz, B., & Stahl, A. R. (2024). Thyroid scintigraphy: Establishing a clinically useful normal range for 99mTc pertechnetate uptake. Nuklearmedizin, 63(6), 337–346. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2365-7917
Jin, M., Ahn, J., Jo, S.-G., Park, J., Jeon, M. J., Kim, W. G., Kim, T. Y., Kim, W. B., Shong, Y. K., & Ryu, J.-S. (2022). Comparison of 99mTc pertechnetate thyroid uptake rates by gamma probe and gamma camera methods for differentiating Graves’ disease and thyroiditis. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 56(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-021-00734-2
Macauley, M., Shawgi, M., Ali, T., Curry, A., Howe, K., Howell, E., Jefferson, E., James, A., Perros, P., & Petrides, G. S. (2018). Assessment of normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate in a single centre UK population. Nuclear Medicine Communications, 39(9), 834–838. https://doi.org/10.1097/MNM.0000000000000876
Mettler, F. A., & Guiberteau, M. J. (2019). Essentials of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (7th ed.). Elsevier.
Notoatmodjo, S. (2018). Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Rineka Cipta.
Paudel, J., & Bhattarai, B. (2024). Standardizing normal reference value for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate in Nepalese population. World Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 23(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1779283
Prekeges, J. L. (2012). Nuclear Medicine Instrumentation (2nd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Ramos, C. D., Wittmann, D. E. Z., Etchebehere, E. C. S. C., Tambascia, M. A., Silva, C. A. M., & Camargo, E. E. (2002). Thyroid uptake and scintigraphy using 99mTc pertechnetate: Standardization in normal individuals. São Paulo Medical Journal, 120(2), 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-31802002000200004
Serrano, J. (2023). Quantitative analysis of 99mTc-pertechnetate thyroid uptake with a large-field CZT gamma camera: Feasibility and comparison between SPECT/CT and planar acquisitions. EJNMMI Physics, 10(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40658-023-00566-3
