Pengembangan Modul English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Berbasis Kebutuhan Industri untuk Kesiapan Kerja Mahasiswa Pariwisata di Destinasi Internasional Lombok

Abstract

English communication remains a key gap in the work readiness of tourism graduates, and ESP materials in Indonesian tourism programmes are often not based on industry needs. This study reports the first two stages of a research and development project: a needs analysis and the design of an ESP module for tourism students in Lombok, Indonesia. The needs analysis drew on verifiable secondary sources, namely Statistics Indonesia (BPS) data on international arrivals, the ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangement on Tourism Professionals, the CEFR Companion Volume and prior ESP needs studies, which were synthesised through content analysis. In May 2026, 7,987 international visitors arrived through Lombok International Airport. Of these, 50.5% came from ASEAN countries and 31.2% from Europe, led by Malaysia, Singapore and France. Most guests are therefore non-native speakers, so English in Lombok's tourism services works largely as a lingua franca. Prior studies point to speaking and writing as the most urgent needs and to a lack of programme-specific materials. Based on these findings, an outcome-based module of eight units was designed. It maps six ASEAN occupational divisions to CEFR B1–B2 targets and uses authentic Lombok workplace scenarios, corpus-based vocabulary, explicit lingua franca strategies and performance assessment. Validation instruments and a limited-trial design are also presented. The module links language learning to work readiness and to SDG targets 8.5 and 8.6, and its effectiveness will be tested through expert validation and classroom trials.