Characterization of specific and non-specific parameters of kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) leaf simplicia

  • Ririe Marchella Viona Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Batam University, Batam
  • Heldi Candra Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Batam University, Batam

Keywords

Kemuning, Murraya Paniculata, Specific Parameters, Non-Specific Parameters, Phytochemical Screening

Abstract

Kemuning leaf (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) has been empirically used as an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agent, yet quality data on simplicia derived from locally cultivated plants, particularly in Batam City, remain limited. This study aimed to determine the non-specific parameters (moisture content, loss on drying, ash content) and specific parameters (water- and ethanol-soluble extractive values) of kemuning leaf simplicia, and to identify the phytochemical constituents present. Simplicia was prepared from three-month-old kemuning leaves that were harvested, sorted, dried, and pulverized, then tested according to the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 2nd Edition. Phytochemical screening was performed using colour and precipitation reactions, complemented by thin-layer chromatography. The results showed a moisture content of 10%, loss on drying of 0.32%, water-soluble extractive value of 9%, and ethanol-soluble extractive value of 7.6%, all of which met the requirements of the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 2nd Edition. In contrast, the ash content of 26% far exceeded the maximum limit of 6.5%, presumably due to external mineral contamination and incomplete ashing. Phytochemical screening gave positive results for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, and a negative result for terpenoids. The kemuning leaf simplicia examined generally met most quality parameters, but the deviation in ash content indicates that improvements in the sorting and sample preparation stages are needed before this simplicia can be recommended as a fully compliant raw material for traditional medicine

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01-10-2026