REVIEW ANTIDIABETIC ASSAY : PERBANDINGAN TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETIK METODE UJI IN VIVO, ENZIM, DAN SELULER
Keywords:
α-amylase, α-glucosidase, C2C12, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4, HepG2, In vivoAbstract
Diabetes melitus adalah gangguan metabolisme kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah, yang secara signifikan berdampak pada kualitas hidup dan sistem pelayanan kesehatan global. Keterbatasan terapi konvensional telah mendorong pengembangan senyawa antidiabetik baru, terutama yang berasal dari sumber alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau berbagai metode uji antidiabetik yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi senyawa yang berasal dari tumbuhan. Tinjauan pustaka kualitatif sistematis dilakukan terhadap artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan dalam lima tahun terakhir yang menyajikan data primer tentang uji antidiabetik in vivo dan berbasis enzim. Model yang dianalisis meliputi lini sel HepG2, C2C12, dan 3T3-L1, serta enzim α-glukosidase, α-amilase, dan DPP-4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap model menawarkan keunggulan spesifik dalam menilai penyerapan glukosa, diferensiasi sel, aktivitas enzim, dan respons sistemik. Penggabungan pendekatan-pendekatan ini memberikan gambaran komprehensif tentang potensi terapeutik dan keamanan senyawa uji. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya pemilihan model yang tepat dan perlunya metode standar untuk meningkatkan komparabilitas dan validitas hasil. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat mendukung pengembangan obat antidiabetik herbal yang lebih efektif dan berbasis bukti.
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