PERKEMBANGAN BIOTEKNOLOGI CRISPR/CAS9 DALAM PEMULIAAN TANAMAN MENTIMUN
Keywords:
Genome editing, Rekayasa genetika,, Hortikultura, BreedingAbstract
Perkembangan bioteknologi dalam pemulian tanaman memungkinkan peningkatan karakter penting tanaman dengan waktu yang lebih cepat. Salah satunya melalui teknologi clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). Penggunaan bioteknologi ini mampu mengedit gen tanaman untuk perbaikan karakter pada tanaman mentimun seperti untuk mengatur karakter agronomis seperti bentuk buah, rasa, tampilan buah, hingga perawakan tanaman. Selain itu teknologi ini genome editing dengan CRISPR/Cas9 juga memungkinkan peningkatkan ketahanan tanaman mentimun terhadap stress abiotik seperti salinitas dengan modulasi gen CsAKT1 yang mengatur transport ion K+, serta ketahanan terhadap stress biotik seperti penyakit jamur tepung (Powdery Mildew) dengan modulasi gen ketahanan Powdery Mildew (CsMLO8) dan virus mosaik pada mentimun dengan modulasi gen Eukaryotic Initiation Transcription Factor 4e (eIF4E).
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