EVALUASI KEMAMPUAN ISOLAT MIKROBA DALAM MELARUTKAN FOSFAT DAN KALIUM
Keywords
Indeks Pelarutan, Mikroba, Pelarut Fosfat, Pelarut KaliumAbstract
Ketersediaan fosfor dan kalium dalam tanah sering kali terbatas. Sebagian besar fosfor dan kalium di dalam tanah berada dalam bentuk mineral yang sukar larut sehingga ketersedianya bagi tanaman relatif rendah. Mikroorganisme pelarut hara berpotensi meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur fosfor dan kalium, namun kestabilan kemampuan pelarutannya setelah penyimapanan kultur masih perlu dievaluasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan pelarutan fosfat dan kalium pada koleksi isolat fungi pelarut fosfat dan bakteri pelarut kalium setelah peremajaan kultur. Kemampuan pelarutan diuji menggunakan media Pikovskaya untuk pelarutan fosfat dan media Alexandrov untuk pelarutan kalium. Aktivitas pelarutan dievaluasi pembentukan zona bening di sekitar koloni dan dihitung sebagai indeks pelarutan (IP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh isolat masih mampu melarutkan fosfat dan kalium setelah peremajaan kultur yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening pada media selektif. Nilai indeks pelarutan fosfat (IP-F) berkisar 1,15-3,25, dengan nilai tertinggi pada isolat FPF4 (3,25). Sementara itu, indeks pelarutan kalium (IP-K) berkisar 1,80-5,80, dengan nilai tertinggi pada isolat FRS2 (5,80). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan fungsional isolat dalam melarutkan mineral tetap terpelihara setelah penyimpanan sehingga berpotensi dieprtahankan sebagai koleksi mikroba untuk pengembangan biofertilizer
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