ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO DAN DAMPAK AKADEMIK GANGGUAN PENGLIHATAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR: STUDI KASUS DI SD AL WAFI
Keywords:
Gangguan Penglihatan, Siswa Sekolah Dasar, Faktor Risiko, Dampak Akademik, Intervensi Berbasis EkosistemAbstract
Gangguan penglihatan pada anak usia sekolah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius dengan prevalensi mencapai 10% di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor risiko dan dampak akademik gangguan penglihatan pada siswa sekolah dasar melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap 4 siswa SD Al Wafi dengan gangguan penglihatan, 2 guru kelas, dan 4 orang tua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan onset gangguan penglihatan dominan terjadi pada awal masa sekolah dengan manifestasi utama kesulitan melihat jarak jauh. Faktor risiko utama meliputi penggunaan gawai >4 jam/hari dan postur membaca tidak ergonomis. Dampak signifikan teridentifikasi pada prestasi akademik (75% mengalami penurunan) dan adaptasi psikososial. Penelitian menghasilkan model intervensi berbasis ekosistem dan indikator deteksi dini dalam konteks pembelajaran. Temuan berkontribusi pada pengembangan strategi pencegahan dan penanganan gangguan penglihatan siswa SD melalui pendekatan komprehensif melibatkan sekolah, keluarga, dan tenaga kesehatan.
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