SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING MANTAN PECANDU NARKOBA (SABU-SABU)

Nadya Rotna Aprilian  Panjaitan; Rudangta Arianti

Authors

Nadya Rotna Aprilian Panjaitan MEMBERSHIPFakultas Psikologi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Jl. Diponegoro 52-60 Salatiga
Rudangta Arianti Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Jl. Diponegoro 52-60 Salatiga

Keywords:

subjective well being, former methamphetamine users

Abstract

Subjective well-being is described as a form of subjective welfare evaluation derived from an individual's perception of their life, encompassing life satisfaction and pleasant or unpleasant feelings experienced in their life. This qualitative research, using a phenomenological approach, focuses on depicting subjective well-being and the factors influencing it in former drug addicts, particularly methamphetamine users. The study involved four adult participants. The results from four participants showed different portrayals of subjective well-being after quitting drugs. Although all participants still experienced and were dominated by feelings and thoughts that were not entirely positive, on the other hand, after undergoing rehabilitation and completely abstaining from drugs, the four participants were able to bring about changes in their way of thinking and viewing life, both cognitively and in their subjective experiences of life. Meanwhile, in the domain-specific satisfaction of the four participants, the results showed more variation. Additionally, this study also revealed key factors influencing subjective well-being, including social support, changes in mindset, and personal commitment from each individual. The implications of this research contribute to the development of clinical psychology, particularly regarding the description of subjective well-being in former drug addicts (methamphetamine users) and the factors influencing it.

References

Armandhani, Denny. "Percepat Pembangunan, Pekerja Konstruksi Diberi Sabu." CNN Indonesia, August 14, 2023. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20160811145514-113-150736/percepat-pembangunan-pekerja-konstruksi-korut-diberi-sabu.

BNN, Humas. "Efek Penggunaan Zat Psikoaktif Terhadap Tubuh." Badan Narkotika Nasional, 2019. https://mataramkota.bnn.go.id/efek-penggunaan-zat-psikoaktif-terhadap-tubuh/.

———. "Hapus Stigma Negatif, Penanganan Mantan Pengguna Narkoba Harus Komprehensif." Badan Narkotika Nasional, January 1, 2013. https://bnn.go.id/hapus-stigma-negatif-penanganan-mantan-pengguna-narkoba-harus-komprehensif/.

———. "Penyebab Dan Dampak Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Di Kalangan Remaja." Badan Narkotika Nasional, 2019. https://lampungselatankab.bnn.go.id/penyebab-dan-dampak-penyalahgunaan-narkoba-di-kalangan-remaja/.

———. "Survey Penyalahgunaan Dan Peredaran Narkoba Gelap Tahun 2018." Badan Narkotika Nasional, 2019. https://perpustakaan.bnn.go.id/sites/default/files/Buku_Digital_2020-10/Survei%20Penyalahgunaan%20Dan%20Peredaran%20Gelap%20Narkoba%20Tahun%202018%20%28%20BNN%20-%20LIPI%29.pdf.

———. "Survey Pravelensi Penyalahgunaan Dan Peredaran Gelap Narkoba 34 Provinsi Di Indonesia." Badan Narkotika Nasional, 2019. https://cirebonkota.bnn.go.id/survey-prevalensi-penyalahgunaan-dan-peredaran-gelap-narkoba-34-provinsi-di-indonesia/.

———. "Tahap-Tahap Pemulihan Pecandu Narkoba." Badan Narkotika Nasional, 2019. https://rehabilitasi.bnn.go.id/public/articles/read/267.

CDC. "Mental Health." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/health-effects/mental-health.html.

Cerullo, Megan. "Construction Workers and Miners Are the Most Likely to Use Opioids." CBS News, August 1, 2019. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/construction-and-mining-workers-are-the-most-likely-to-use-opioids/.

Compton, William C., and Edward Hoffman. Positive Psychology: The Science of Happiness and Flourishing. 3rd ed. Sage Publications, 2020.

Creswell, John W. Educational Research: Planning, Conducting and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. 4th ed. Boston, MA: Pearson, 2012.

Dewi, P. S., and M. S. Utama. "Subjective Well Being Anak Dari Orang Tua Yang Bercerai." Jurnal Psikologi 35, no. 2 (2017): 194–212.

Diener, Ed. "Subjective Well Being." Psychological Bulletin 95, no. 3 (1984): 542–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2905.

———. The Science of Subjective Well Being. New York: Guilford Publications, 2008.

Diener, Ed, and Micaela Y. Chan. "Happy People Live Longer: Subjective Well‐Being Contributes to Health and Longevity." Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being 3, no. 1 (2011): 1–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2010.01045.x.

Diener, Ed, and William Pavot. "The Oxford Handbook of Happiness." In The Oxford Handbook of Happiness, edited by Susan David, Ilona Boniwell, and Amanda Conley Ayers. Oxford University Press, 2013.

Diener, Ed, and Louis Tay. "Subjective Well‐being and Human Welfare around the World as Reflected in the Gallup World Poll." International Journal of Psychology 50, no. 2 (2015): 135–49. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12136.

Diener, Ed, Richard E. Lucas, and Shigehiro Oishi. "Subjective Well-Being: The Science of Happiness and Life Satisfaction." In Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology, edited by C. R. Snyder and Shane J. Lopez, 187–94. Oxford University Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195187243.013.0017.

Diener, Ed, Shigehiro Oishi, and Richard E. Lucas. "National Accounts of Subjective Well-Being." American Psychologist 70, no. 3 (2015): 234–42. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038899.

Diener, Ed, Christie Napa Scollon, and Richard E. Lucas. "The Evolving Concept of Subjective Well-Being: The Multifaceted Nature of Happiness." Advances in Cell Aging and Gerontology 15 (2003): 187–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2354-4_4.

Diener, Ed, Eunkook M. Suh, Richard E. Lucas, and Heidi L. Smith. "Subjective Well-Being: Three Decades of Progress." Psychological Bulletin 125, no. 2 (1999): 276–302. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276.

Diener, Ed, and William Tov. "Culture and Subjective Well-Being." In Handbook of Cultural Psychology, edited by Shinobu Kitayama and Dov Cohen, 691–713. Guilford Press, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2352-0_2.

Dodge, Rachel, Annette P. Daly, Jan Huyton, and Lalage D. Sanders. "The Challenge of Defining Wellbeing." International Journal of Wellbeing 2, no. 3 (2012): 222–35. https://doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v2i3.4.

Donatus, Tito, Sulistyarini, and Supriadi. "Analisis Penyebab Remaja Mengkonsumsi Narkoba Ditinjau Dari Kesalahan Pendidikan Keluarga Di Pontianak." Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa 3, no. 12 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jppk.v3i12.8282.

Dwiputri, M. N. "Hubungan Konformitas, Kepercayaan Diri, Locus of Control, Strategi Koping, Dan Sensation Seeking Terhadap Intensi Menggunakan Ganja." Psikoborneo 3, no. 4 (2015): 363–72.

Ekman, Paul. Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life. New York: Times Books, 2003.

Ekman, Paul, and Wallace V. Friesen. "Constants across Cultures in the Face and Emotion." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 17, no. 2 (1971): 124–29.

HAM. "Data Peraturan." Peraturan.go.id. Accessed December 29, 2021. https://peraturan.go.id/uu.html.

Hansford, Brian. "UNODC World Drug Report 2021: Pandemic Effects Ramp up Drug Risks, as Youth Underestimate Cannabis Dangers." United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, June 24, 2021. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/press/releases/2021/June/unodc-world-drug-report-2021_-pandemic-effects-ramp-up-drug-risks--as-youth-underestimate-cannabis-dangers.html.

Hardani, A. H., N. H. Aulya, H. Andriani, R. A. Fardani, J. Ustiawaty, E. F. Utami, D. J. Sukmana, and R. R. Istiqomah. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Dan Kuantitatif. Yogyakarta: CV. Pustaka Ilmu, 2020.

Helgeson, Vicki S., Kerry A. Reynolds, and Patricia L. Tomich. "A Meta-Analytic Review of Benefit Finding and Growth." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 74, no. 5 (2006): 797–816. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.5.797.

Isnaini, E. "Penggunaan Ganja Dalam Ilmu Pengobatan Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika." Jurnal Independent 5, no. 2 (2017).

Junaidi. "Analisis Karakteristik Psikologis Narapidana Pengguna Narkoba Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan." Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora 23, no. 2 (2018): 57–68.

Ku, Po-Wen, Kenneth R. Fox, and Jim McKenna. "Assessing Subjective Well-Being in Chinese Older Adults: The Chinese Aging Well Profile." Social Indicators Research 87, no. 3 (2007): 445–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-007-9150-2.

Looby, Alison, and Mitch Earlywine. "The Impact of Methamphetamine Use on Subjective Well-Being in an Internet Survey: Preliminary Findings." Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 22, no. 3 (2007): 167–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.831.

Marlina. "Tinjauan Psikologis Terhadap Penyalahgunaan Narkotika." UIT, 2016. https://uit.e-journal.id/JPetitum/article/download/444/316/.

Mehrabian, Albert. Silent Messages: Implicit Communication of Emotions and Attitudes. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1981.

Milam, Joel E., Anamara Ritt-Olson, and Jennifer B. Unger. "Posttraumatic Growth among Adolescents." Journal of Adolescent Research 19, no. 2 (2004): 192–204. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558403258273.

Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 109 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengamanan Bahan yang Mengandung Zat Adiktif Berupa Produk Tembakau Bagi Kesehatan, (2012). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/5324/pp-no-109-tahun-2012.

Pusdatin. "Anti Narkoba Sedunia." Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2017. https://pusdatin.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/pusdatin/infodatin/infodatin-narkoba-2017.pdf.

Ridwan. "Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Oleh Remaja Dalam Perspektif Sosiologi." Jurnal Madaniyah 8, no. 2 (2018).

Roche, Ann M., Ken Pidd, Petra Bywood, and Toby Freeman. "Methamphetamine Use among Australian Workers and Its Implications for Prevention." Drug and Alcohol Review 27, no. 3 (2008): 334–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09595230801919478.

Rogers, Kara. Substance Use and Abuse. New York: Britannica Educational Publishing, 2011.

Rohman. "Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Dengan Kesejahteraan Subjektif Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta." Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2014.

Semple, Shirley J., Thomas L. Patterson, and Igor Grant. "Methamphetamine Use and Depressive Symptoms among Heterosexual Men and Women." Journal of Substance Use 10, no. 1 (2005): 31–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/1465989042000271264.

Sinha, Rajita. "How Does Stress Increase Risk of Drug Abuse and Relapse?" Psychopharmacology 158, no. 4 (2001): 343–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002130100917.

Soeparman, H. Narkoba Telah Merubah Rumah Kami Menjadi Narkoba. Jakarta: Dikti, 2000.

Sofyan, W. Remaja Dan Masalahnya. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2005.

Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif Dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2013.

Suryawati, S., Koentjoro, D. S. Widhyharto, and D. Krisnawati. UGM Mengajak: Raih Prestasi Tanpa Narkoba. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 2015.

Wahendra, I. W. G. P. J., and I. W. Parsa. "Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Narkotika Jenis Baru Di Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmu Hukum: Kertha Wicara 8, no. 6 (2019): 8–9.

Wilinny, C. Halim, Sutarno, N. Nugroho, and F. A. M. Hutabarat. "Analisis Komunikasi Di PT Asuransi Buana Independent Medan."