STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN SMART PORT BERBASIS IOT DAN BLOCKCHAIN UNTUK KETAHANAN PANGAN INDONESIA
Keywords:
Smart Port, IoT, Blockchain, Logistik Pangan, Ketahanan PanganAbstract
Ketahanan pangan nasional Indonesia sangat dipengaruhi oleh efisiensi dan keandalan sistem logistik, terutama mengingat kompleksitas geografis kepulauan yang luas. Pelabuhan, sebagai titik kunci dalam distribusi logistik, memiliki peran strategis dalam memastikan kelancaran arus pangan dari pusat produksi hingga ke konsumen akhir, terutama di daerah-daerah tertinggal, terdepan, dan terluar (3T). Namun, saat ini, sistem logistik pangan nasional masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti tingginya biaya logistik, waktu tunggu kapal yang lama, kurangnya integrasi sistem informasi, dan minimnya transparansi dalam rantai pasok. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, artikel kebijakan ini mengusulkan strategi penerapan pelabuhan pintar (smart port) yang memanfaatkan teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) dan blockchain sebagai solusi yang transformatif. Teknologi ini memungkinkan pemantauan kondisi logistik secara real-time, pencatatan transaksi yang permanen dan transparan, serta integrasi data di antara berbagai pemangku kepentingan. Artikel ini menggunakan metode analisis SWOT yang dipadukan dengan data sekunder dari Kementerian Perhubungan, PT. Pelindo, BPS, dan Badan Pangan Nasional. Kajian ini juga memperhatikan kerentanan distribusi pangan di kawasan Indonesia timur dan menyelaraskan intervensi dengan agenda RPJMN 2025–2029 serta target SDGs. Rekomendasi kebijakan mencakup: penetapan regulasi nasional mengenai standar teknologi dan digitalisasi pelabuhan; pengembangan proyek percontohan pelabuhan pintar pangan; integrasi sistem logistik digital nasional; insentif fiskal untuk teknologi hijau pelabuhan; serta peningkatan kapasitas SDM dan konektivitas ke pelabuhan kecil. Dengan kebijakan yang tepat, pelabuhan di Indonesia tidak hanya akan menjadi lebih efisien dan kompetitif secara global, tetapi juga berfungsi sebagai tulang punggung ketahanan pangan nasional yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan
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